Gene Testing
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This is a comprehensive list of genes that are commonly included in nutrigenomic, pharmacogenomic, hormonal, neuropsychiatric, cardiovascular, and detoxification panels. Many of these genes influence health conditions like inflammation, metabolism, neurotransmitter balance, detoxification capacity, hormone conversion, and nutrient utilization. Here's a categorized overview of the genes you listed, including relevance to neurological function and tremor where applicable:
🧠Neurotransmitter & Brain-Related Genes (Relevant to Tremor, Mood, Dopamine, Serotonin)
- BDNF – Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; involved in neuroplasticity; may influence Parkinson’s risk and mood.
- COMT – Catechol-O-methyltransferase; breaks down dopamine, epinephrine; linked to tremor, anxiety, cognitive processing.
- DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4 – Dopamine receptor genes; linked to attention, movement disorders, and neuropsychiatric conditions.
- ANK3 – Implicated in bipolar disorder, also linked to neuronal excitability.
- CACNA1C – Calcium channel; implicated in tremor, bipolar, and Parkinson-like symptoms.
- GABRA2 – GABA receptor gene; relates to inhibitory neurotransmission, tremor, alcohol response.
- HTR1A – Serotonin receptor gene; anxiety, depression, SSRI response.
- MAOA (not listed but often tested) – Linked to dopamine and serotonin metabolism.
- DAO, HNMT – Histamine metabolism genes; histamine may modulate tremor, especially in mast cell issues.
🧬 Hormone Metabolism & Steroid Pathways
- CYP17A1, CYP19A1 – Steroid hormone synthesis (e.g., estrogen/testosterone conversion).
- SHBG – Sex hormone binding globulin; controls hormone availability.
- PPARG, PPARGC1A – Nuclear receptors regulating insulin sensitivity, adipogenesis, and hormonal signaling.
- DIO2 – Converts T4 to active T3; thyroid hormones can affect tremor.
- SULT1A1, UGT2B15, UGT2B17 – Phase II detox of estrogens, androgens.
🧪 Methylation & Detox Genes (also influence neuroinflammation, nutrient needs)
- MTHFR, MTR, MTRR, BHMT – Methylation cycle; folate, B12 metabolism; impacts homocysteine, mood, and nerve function.
- GSTP1, GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTO2 – Glutathione system; antioxidant defense, detoxification.
- NQO1, SOD2, CAT, GPX1 – Antioxidant enzymes; protect against oxidative stress (a contributor to neurodegeneration).
- NFE2L2 (NRF2) – Master antioxidant response gene.
- EPHX1 – Epoxide hydrolase; detoxification, potential neuroprotection.
🧬 Inflammation & Immune Modulation
- TNF, IL6, IL1, IL6R – Cytokine genes; high inflammation linked to Parkinson’s and neurodegeneration.
- HLA – Human leukocyte antigen; autoimmunity susceptibility, MS, etc.
- CRP – C-reactive protein gene; inflammation marker.
- FOXO3, FOXO1 – Longevity genes; also modulate inflammation and stress response.
💊 Pharmacogenetics / Drug Metabolism
- CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1 – Drug metabolism; influence antidepressant, beta-blocker, and anti-epileptic dosing.
- SLCO1B1 – Statin metabolism gene.
- NAT1, NAT2 – Acetylation pathway; detox and drug metabolism.
🧠Genes That May Be Indirectly Linked to Tremor
These genes do not directly cause tremor, but variants may contribute through neuroinflammation, detox challenges, hormone imbalance, or neurotransmitter disruption:
- COMT, DRD2, CACNA1C, BDNF, GABRA2, MAOA, DIO2, MTHFR, DAO, HNMT, CYP1A2
🧠What You Could Do:
If you're trying to explore tremor or neurological susceptibility, and you already have this gene list from a report:
- Look at COMT, BDNF, CACNA1C, DRD2, DIO2, GABRA2, MTHFR, DAO, and GSTs.
- Consider a functional medicine interpretation of this genetic data, mapping it to labs like homocysteine, methylmalonic acid, neurotransmitter panels, and advanced detoxification markers.
- Combine this with clinical neurology workup: MRI brain, DaTscan (for Parkinsonian features), and labs like B12, copper, ceruloplasmin, heavy metals, thyroid panel.