Acne
Acne is not just a teenage skin issue—it is often a hormone-driven condition, especially in adult women and men with androgenic imbalances. Hormonal acne tends to be persistent, inflammatory, and resistant to over-the-counter treatments unless the underlying hormonal triggers are addressed.
What Causes Hormonal Acne?
Elevated androgens Increase sebum (oil) production, clogging pores
Increased DHT sensitivity : skin cells are more reactive to normal testosterone levels
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Menstrual cycle fluctuations: estrogen/progesterone drops trigger breakouts before periods
Stress and cortisol can increase androgen production and worsen acne
Who Is Affected by Hormonal Acne?
Females:
- Jawline, chin, and lower cheeks most affected
- Worsens before periods
- Often associated with irregular cycles, hirsutism, or PCOS
- May persist into 30s and 40s
Males:
- Often due to high testosterone or anabolic steroid use
- Can appear on face, chest, shoulders, and back
- Persistent in those with androgenic alopecia or excess DHT activity
Oral Contraceptives (for women)
Certain combined birth control pills can reduce androgen levels and acne:
- FDA-approved: Yaz, Ortho Tri-Cyclen, Estrostep
- Best for women with irregular cycles or PCOS
Topical Treatments
Retinoids (tretinoin, adapalene) Promote cell turnover, prevent clogged pores
Benzoyl peroxide Kills acne-causing bacteria
Azelaic acidAnti-inflammatory, anti-comedogenic
ClindamycinTopical antibiotic (often combined with BP)
Oral Antibiotics (short-term use only)
Used for moderate to severe inflammatory acne, usually limited to 3–6 months.
Isotretinoin (Accutane)
- Reserved for severe, cystic, or treatment-resistant acne
- Reduces sebum, shrinks oil glands, and alters follicle lining
- Requires monthly labs and strict contraception for women of childbearing age
Vitamins and Supplements for Acne
Zinc - reduces inflammation, antibacterial & DHT blocker
Vitamin A Retinoid precursor, supports skin turnover
Vitamin D Anti-inflammatory and immune modulator
DIM Supports estrogen metabolism, sometimes useful in PCOSO
mega-3s Reduces inflammation and androgen effects
Probiotics Gut-skin axis support